Smartphone or Jetpack?
Cellular data is a popular choice for RVers and boaters for online mobile connectivity.
Once you decide on the carrier(s) you want in your arsenal, you have to decide what specific equipment makes the most sense for getting online.
The basic options include devices that are restricted to data only, such as mobile hotspots and modems, - or putting cellular connected tablets and phones to work serving double duty by providing an internet connection for your computers as well.
What are the advantages and drawbacks of each? Those are the questions this article is written to answer.
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Video Overview
Pros & cons of smartphones and mobile hotspots:
Smartphone/Tablet Hotspotting & Tethering
The simplest way that many utilize cellular data is by using the built in mobile hotspot or tethering feature provided by most smartphones & tablets.
Most smartphones and cellular enabled tablets can create a WiFi hotspot and/or be directly tethered.
- Hotspot is when you create your own WiFi hotspot.
- Tethering is when you connect directly with a USB cable.
The carriers treat both the same in terms of data usage, but you'll need to look carefully at the terms of your cellular data plan for how your carrier treats mobile hotspot use - they can vary quite a bit.
Each device will be different in how you turn this feature on, but for many, it’s just an option in the device’s settings called Personal Hotspot – and you can easily configure a network name and password to protect the connection.
Advantages
- Super simple - You only have one device to manage, and your smartphone is usually with you or nearby.
- Data Plan Support - Usually included at no extra cost on many data plans (but there are generally limitations):
- On most tiered mobile share data plans direct with the carriers, mobile hotspot is included at no extra fee.
- On carrier direct postpaid "unlimited" data plans there are usually caps on how much data is available for mobile hotspot use at high/full speed. These tend to range from 10-100GB depending on the plan.
- Some budget level data plans only include no hotspot use, or only at super slow speeds.
- Some reseller plans (like Straight Talk) don't officially include mobile hotspot use, and some may charge an extra fee.
- Dual SIM - Newer dual SIM phones allow you to carry multiple data plans on a single phone.
Disadvantages
- Not Ideal for Multi-Person Households - What happens if the person with the hotspot-enabled smartphone takes it with them to run errands? Everyone else needs to switch internet sources, making relying on smartphone hotspotting not ideal as a primary internet source.
- Multi-Functional - Phones and tablets serve other functions than hot spotting, and sometimes those functions can interfere with keeping your other devices online. Examples include:
- Talking on your phone can sometimes take your devices offline or greatly reduce the network data-connection speed. So if you need to regularly talk on your phone AND be online, this may not be an ideal primary solution.
- Many devices go to sleep when there’s no active connection going on, so you may need to wake your device up after a period of inactivity online. Sometimes it’s as simple as clicking the 'on' button, and sometimes you may to need fiddle with hotspot settings and/or temporarily engage airplane mode to bring the connection back.
- If you have other WiFi routers in the household, the smartphone/tablet can get confused when trying to figure out if it should connect to the router or be transmitting a WiFi signal itself.
- Battery Drain - Hotspotting from a smartphone or device drains the battery pretty quickly - make sure the device is plugged in.
- Remoting In - If you have home automation systems, streaming security cameras or power systems that you can remote into - you'll want a dedicated data device left back 'at home' to provide that access. Usually, you take your smartphone with you.
- No Antenna Ports - Smartphones don't have antenna ports - which means you can't use often more effective & cheaper external antennas with them. An expensive cellular booster (which often isn't the best choice for data performance) is the only option.
- Limited Wi-Fi - Most smartphones can only create a lower powered Wi-Fi hotspot utilizing 2.4 GHz, which can oftentimes be congested and can't transmit as high as speeds as 5 GHz. The range of the hotspot created is usually pretty small too. (Direct tethering will oftentimes be faster as a result.)
- Hotspot Caps - Many smartphone data plans have caps on high speed mobile hotspot use, which can make these plans great for a back-up option, but not a primary home internet replacement.
Recommended for: Solo travelers, for those not dependent on internet for critical tasks, for access to a secondary cellular network (ie. if your primary is Verizon with a MiFi, perhaps you access AT&T when needed from a smartphone) or for 'out and about' internet access away from home.
Mobile Hotspot Devices
Also sometimes referred to as a Jetpack or MiFi (they're just marketing brand names for the same thing - kinda like Kleenex or Puffs for facial tissues), mobile hotspots are small self-contained units that receive a cellular data signal and then broadcast a Wi-Fi hotspot that enables your other devices to get online.
They are a cellular modem and Wi-Fi router combined.
Most mobile hotspots tend to be able to serve 5–15 devices at once. They may have a battery built into the device, which allows you to take it with you when on the go, and some even allow you to charge other devices.
They can also usually be directly tethered via USB into a cellular aware router, like those from WiFiRanger, Pepwave, or Cradlepoint - becoming the internet source for your local area network.
Advantages
- Self contained - You can take your internet with you with these self contained gizmos, even away from the RV or boat while being self powered.
- Plug-n-Play - When working optimally, these can be a fairly easy plug- and-play solution ideal for users who don’t want to have to learn to manage other more complex options.
- Dedicated to Data - They have one purpose, which means they should be able to do it well. It's a dedicated device that can be left in your tech cabinet, plugged in, optimized for the best signal with a booster or antennas, and mostly forgotten about.
- Antenna Ports - Many hotspots have antenna ports, allowing you to try direct plugged in antennas for signal enhancing - giving you more options for signal enhancing.
- Consumer Pricing - Mobile hotspot devices tend to be more affordable than cellular embedded routers, generally priced in the $50-250 range at full retail price.
- More Wi-Fi Options - Many hotspot devices can transmit their Wi-Fi network over 2.4 or 5 GHz frequencies, giving you more options for higher speeds and/or avoiding Wi-Fi congestion. Some hotspots even have built in ethernet ports for direct connections to a computer or router, and almost all support USB tethering to mobile routers or your computer.
- Up to Date Tech - Most of the newest cellular technology seems to be released on this style of device rather quickly, so this is one of the easiest and most affordable ways to update a mobile internet arsenal and to stay current.
Disadvantages
- Additional Device & Data Plan - You'll have the expense of a hardware purchase in addition to the smartphone you might carry with you already, and the hotspot will also need its own data plan.
- Complex Firmware - They have a good amount of complex software installed inside them to allow them to function as a router and create a hotspot. A bad pushed firmware release can potentially create issues that are slow to fix by the manufacturer & carrier.
- Limited Wi-Fi Range - Their WiFi range will reach most areas of typical sized RVs and boats and sometimes outside, but there is limited range as the WiFi radios just aren't overly strong. This solution isn't optimal for those who want a solid signal further away than the size of a moderate household room.
- Limited Data Plan Options - Check your cellular data plan carefully - carrier direct plans on these devices usually have capped high speed data (even when added to "unlimited" plans) - so you'll need to obtain more affordable plans via alternative means (more: Top Cellular Data Plans for RVers & Cruisers)
- Swollen Batteries - Some models with batteries require the battery be inserted to operate, which means you'll need to regularly inspect the health of the battery for optimal operation, and potentially replace once or twice a year. Particularly if you leave the hotspot always plugged in to keep it charged as your always on connection. (more: How to Check Your Hotspot, Prolong Battery Life & Battery Replacement Guide)
- Carrier Specific - Most hotspot devices are optimized for a specific carrier in the frequency bands they support, so you'll likely need one for each carrier you want. There is some cross over support however that can work in a pinch (more: Using a Carrier Specific Cellular Device on Another Carrier)
Recommended for: Multi-person or multi-device households, those who depend on cellular data for critical tasks, those who want access to the latest network technology, those who don't want to fiddle with tethering from a smartphone, those who need their RV to have internet access even while they're away (such as remoting in to check on home automation systems).
Variations:
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The Pantech UML295 'USB Stick' USB stick device (or older style Express Card): These need to plug into something in order to be functional – either your computer or a compatible cellular-aware router. If you’re traveling solo and just need to keep a laptop online, this may be an ideal solution on its own. If you plan to keep it plugged into a router most of the time anyway, it makes for a very elegant solution.
- Connected Car: Some vehicles also have a mobile hotspot built in, perhaps as part of an OnStar (or similar) service for safety and information. Not only does the internet connection allow the service to connect, it can provide an internet connection for passengers in the car to check e-mail, routing, etc.
The ZTE Mobley Connected Car Device. For vehicles without this built in, there are also devices that plug directly into the vehicle's diagnostic port (OBD-2) that enable this functionality. The downside is, in order to utilize the connection - generally the ignition has to be on, making it less than ideal for an RV connection when parked.
To learn more about selecting a mobile hotspot device and view the current top recommended models for each carrier:
Selecting Mobile Hotspot Devices
Mobile Routers
Mobile routers are higher-end options for sharing a cellular data plan and creating a local area network capable of supporting multiple devices, and even integrating with other data sources.
This is certainly a pricier alternative – but for some mobile professionals, the increased reliability may be an essential business expense. It can also introduce some additional complexities.
Here are the basic flavors that mobile routers come in:
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The WiFiRanger EliteAC Pack - combines an interior GoAC router, with a roof mounted EliteAC for picking up distant WiFi signals. Tetherable Mobile Routers: Most home & office based networking routers don't include features that mobile consumers are likely to encounter - such as cellular and Wi-Fi access points. There are, however, routers designed specifically for this that can tether directly to devices like smartphones & MiFis. These devices can then securely distribute whatever the internet source is to your local laptops, tablets, gaming devices, printers and streaming devices.
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The Pepwave MAX BR1 - can hold two SIM cards. Cellular Integrated Router: There are also routers with built in cellular modems and SIM slots, removing the complexity of tethering in MiFis and smartphones for cellular access. They range from consumer grade to commercial grade, some even supporting multiple carriers in one device.
Advantages
- Advanced Networking - Ability to create more robust local area wired and/or wireless networks - with ability to support printers, streaming devices, local network features for media & back-up storage and more.
- Centralizing Multiple WAN Connections - Combining and/or distributing multiple sources of internet into one central point, potentially simplifying the individual login information needed on each connecting device.
- Extended Wi-Fi Range - Creating a stronger WiFi signal beyond what a smartphone or MiFi alone can provide.
- Carrier Agnostic - Many mobile routers have modems that can support most of the major carriers.
- Dual SIM/Modem - Some models have dual SIM slots, so you can switch between carriers. And some models even have dual (or more) modems, so you can use multiple carriers at once.
Disadvantages
- Slower to Update - Cellular-integrated routers tend to be updated infrequently, so they often lag a year (or more) behind mobile hotspots and smartphones in supporting the latest cellular frequency bands and technologies.
- Advanced - May requires some networking knowledge to install and manage - some manufacturers, especially enterprise fleet geared equipment, assume these are being managed by a professional IT-staff, not consumers. Their user interface may be non-intuitive and consumer level support not offered.
- Expensive - Higher costs of acquisition - anticipating the starting point of cellular embedded mobile routers to be around $350 and going up to around $5000. There are many suitable options below $1000 however. Tetherable routers will be less expensive, but of course also still require an external hotspot device for a cellular connection.
- Limited Data Plan Options - Requires a data-only cellular data plan to utilize, which can be difficult or expensive to acquire.
Recommended for: Those with multiple devices to keep connected, those desiring a local based network, those who have more complex needs and those who are a bit more tech savvy and comfortable with basic networking.
For a list & full overview of current Mobile & Integrated Router options, check our guide:
All-in-One Integrated Systems
Integrated systems combine several mobile internet and "connected" features into a single, unified package. Some of these systems are designed for RV manufacturers and may include "smart RV" features similar to "smart home" automation to allow remote control and monitoring of various RV systems.
Other systems are more exclusively focused on mobile internet and can combine a router, wi-fi extender, antennas, and a cellular modem into a single package.
Here are some common features that may be included in an integrated system:
- Wi-Fi Extending
- Mobile Router
- Cellular Modem
- Antennas (cellular and/or Wi-Fi)
- Specialized software/apps
- Remote control and monitoring:
- Climate control systems
- Lights, awnings, vents
- Tank/propane levels
- Remote troubleshooting and customer service
- Geolocation services (Find/track your RV, theft recovery)
- Remote monitoring (cameras, temperature)
Advantages
- Simplicity - An all-in-one package can provide a multitude of capability in a package that is simple to install and use with a single interface or mobile app.
- Cost - An integrated system can often be cheaper than purchasing separate components and building your own system.
- Non-Techy Friendly - Most integrated systems are designed for people who aren't into technology.
- Integration - Automation, remote control, and monitoring features can be very handy.
- Easy Data Plan Activation - These systems tend to come with data plans available to them for easy activation through the manufacturer. Sometimes these plans can be very advantageous, sometimes super expensive.
Disadvantages
- Lack of Upgradability - Many systems are all-in-one units with components that can't be upgraded. So if you want or need to upgrade one part of the system, you'd need to replace the entire unit, a potentially complicated installation.
- Lackluster Technology - Most of these systems use lower-end technology to keep the price down, and lack technical features many will want, especially more advanced users.
- No Customization - You get what you get - there is little-to-no option to customize features or hardware, or may not be available at all.
- Inevitable Compromises - A one-size-fits-all solution will always come with compromises. They are general purpose, and a master of none.
- Growing Pains - Integrated systems are relatively new and not yet fully developed. The systems may have bugs and other issues that cause frustration and affect usability.
Recommended for: Those who are not tech-savvy that want an easy, all-in-one solution.
For a list & full overview of current Integrated Internet System options, check our guide:
Connected Cars, RVs & Boats – Integrated Mobile Internet Systems
Conclusion: Keep Your Equipment Up To Date
Regardless of which method you decide on, for maximum coverage and speed we recommend purchasing the newest cellular devices you can and plan on replacing your hardware as often as every year or two to stay current.
All of the carriers are expanding their networks, and newer equipment is what gets you access to the latest frequencies and bands.
The guides below have been hand-picked to help further your education about selecting mobile hotspots and best utilizing them in your mobile internet setup.
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